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What was the Oregon Trail? Approximately , people made the journey on foot, in covered wagon trains, or on horseback on the Oregon Trail and two other famous trails: the California Trail and the Mormon Trail. Traces of the paths they took can still be seen today , with wheel tracks and names carved into stone. Major political and social events inspired many people to make the move west.
Rumors of rich farming lands in Oregon, gold in California, and refuge across the country convinced many to take the risks of pioneer travel and pursue a better life. Some major events helped accelerate the movement. The Louisiana Purchase in was one of the first events that encouraged people to move west. In this purchase, the United States acquired the Louisiana Territory and opened , square miles of land for settlers.
Later, the discovery of gold in California in inspired hundreds of thousands to move west and mine the lands, despite the efforts of discoverers James Wilson Marshall and John Sutter to keep it quiet. Other events, such as the Homestead Act of —which offered settlers the opportunity to homestead acres of free land, the migration of Mormon pioneers seeking refuge, and the decision of the Mexican government to allow United States citizens to settle the Texas territory were all forces behind the expansion of the American West.
No orchards or "tame fruit. Wild Muscadine grapes were fine. Wild honey was plentiful in ho]low trees. Hunting "bee trees" and cutting them afforded a pleasant recreation.
Many families had maple sugar and maple syrup that would be luxuries today. No drugstores. Doctors carried a small supply of medicine mostly powders in saddle pockets. This they dosed out in small bits of paper. These may have done some good. Many mild cases went untreated. Our ancestors were the early pioneers who subdued the wilds and carved homes out of the deep tangled forests - a huge task!
The East is humid and the rainfall double what it is in the Ozarks. Trees grow big and tall. Grandfather had logs so large that he had to chop notches to stand in so he could reach the lowerside with his axe.
He had no saw. Those who did. Clearing away logs so land could be cultivated was no child's play. There were many old worthless logs around the fields.
My Grandfather pounded these logs with a c1ub to frighten crows and squirrels away from the grain. Ammunition was too expensive to be used. The first settlers had to prepare stones and trees to build their plain, simple, humble homes.
Houses had only one living room - no kitchen, parlor or bedrooms at first. Also a house was needed for the oxen or horse, one for the chic kens, a crib for corn or grain and a smokehouse for meats. All stock lived out on the open land and fields for cultivation had to be fenced - mostly rails were used to make the old "worm fences.
All able went out to fight fires. The first houses were made of logs hewed with a "broadaxe" to about 8-inch thickness. Settlers worked together to build roads, to attract tradesmen and small industry, and to promote the prosperity of their district. Pioneers on fur-trading, lumbering, mining and ranching frontiers were usually single men. But women joined in the settlement of New France in the 17th and 18th centuries. They also were pioneers in the Maritimes and Upper Canada from to , and throughout the prairie homesteading era, from Women's work was essential to the comfort and long-term success of a farm operation.
Canadian immigration and the Dominion Lands Policy encouraged family life as a guarantee of social stability and a larger population. Pioneer women worked tirelessly for their family's material and cultural betterment.
Morris, Gentle Pioneers ; L. Canadian Museum of History The Canadian Museum of History formerly the Canadian Museum of Civilization offers an extensive collection of online exhibits about Canadian history and culture.
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